◆当blogは、Linuxサーバ構築する際の実際の設定手順を個人的メモとして記載しております。LinuC試験の役に立つ情報があるかも…？
疎通確認
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# ping 192.168.0.10
Pinging 192.168.1.10 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=128
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経路情報を表示する
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# traceroute 192.168.1.1
traceroute to itpro.nikkeibp.co.jp (202.214.174.88), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets
1 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 0.386 ms 0.363 ms 0.322 ms
2 218.xxx.xxx.xxx (218.xxx.xxx.xxx) 3.426 ms 4.137 ms 5.710 ms
3 218.xxx.xxx.xxx (218.xxx.xxx.xxx) 7.711 ms 3.820 ms 3.123 ms
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DNSサーバーへ問合せ（名前解決テスト）
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# nslookup 192.168.0.1
サーバー: xxxxx.example.com
Address: 192.168.0.11
名前: XXX.example.com
Address: 192.168.0.1
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メモリやCPUの使用状況（5秒間隔で2回チェック）
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# vmstat 5 2
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
0 0 300 51472 166104 116804 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 100 0 0
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現在動作中のプロセスを表示する
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# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.2 19360 1388 ? Ss Mar08 0:04 /sbin/init
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Mar08 0:01 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Mar08 0:00 [migration/0]
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物理メモリ，仮想メモリの使用状況を表示する
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# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 502360 450904 51456 0 166104 116768
-/+ buffers/cache: 168032 334328
Swap: 1048568 300 1048268
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ハードディスクのパーテション情報などを表示する
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# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% マウント位置
/dev/sda3 6.7G 3.4G 3.0G 54% /
tmpfs 246M 0 246M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 248M 37M 199M 16% /boot
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プロセスの状態表示
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# ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.2 19360 1388 ? Ss Mar08 0:04 /sbin/init
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Mar08 0:01 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Mar08 0:00 [migration/0]
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パケットフィルタリングの状態表示
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# iptables -L
DROP all -- anywhere 255.255.255.255
DROP all -- anywhere 224.0.0.1
ACCEPT all -- 192.168.0.0/24 anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT tcp -- 172.20.0.0/24 anywhere tcp dpt:ssh state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- 172.20.0.0/24 anywhere udp dpts:snmp:snmptrap
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TCPラッパー (/etc/hosts.allow) によるアクセス制限①
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# cat /etc/hosts.allow
sshd: 192.168.0.16
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TCPラッパー (/etc/hosts.allow) によるアクセス制限②
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# cat /etc/hosts.allowdeny
ALL: ALL
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ホスト名とIPアドレスの対応付け
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# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
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サービスの自動起動 on/off をリスト表示
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# chkconfig --list
NetworkManager 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
abrt-ccpp 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
abrtd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
acpid 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
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サービスの状態確認①
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# cat /etc/services
# service-name port/protocol [aliases ...] [# comment]
tcpmux 1/tcp # TCP port service multiplexer
tcpmux 1/udp # TCP port service multiplexer
rje 5/tcp # Remote Job Entry
rje 5/udp # Remote Job Entry
echo 7/tcp
echo 7/udp
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サービスの状態確認②
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# service --status-all
NetworkManager は停止しています
abrt-ccpp hook is not installed
abrt-dump-oops は停止しています
abrtd は停止しています
acpid (pid 1909) を実行中...
atd (pid 2221) を実行中...
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NICの設定
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# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:80:7C
inet addr:192.168.0.190 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:9084557 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:5672669 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1702563285 (1.5 GiB) TX bytes:1512798167 (1.4 GiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:80:86
inet addr:172.20.0.10 Bcast:172.20.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:294575 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:38004181 (36.2 MiB)
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DNSの設定
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# cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search cloud.local
nameserver 127.0.0.1
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ネットワークの状態を表示する①
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# netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
172.20.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
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ネットワークの状態を表示する②
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# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
172.20.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
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[root@sentos5 ~]# nslookup www.lpi.or.jp
Server: 192.168.0.1
Address: 192.168.0.1#53
Non-authoritative answer:
Name: www.lpi.or.jp
Address: 202.218.212.222
[root@sentos5 ~]# nslookup
> server 192.168.0.1
Default server: 192.168.0.1
Address: 192.168.0.1#53
> www.isc.org
Server: 192.168.0.1
Address: 192.168.0.1#53
Non-authoritative answer:
Name: www.isc.org
Address: 149.20.64.42
> exit
[root@sentos5 ~]# host sv1.lpi.jp
sv1.lpi.jp has address 203.174.74.34
[root@sentos5 ~]# host 203.174.74.34
34.74.174.203.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer sv1.lpi.jp.
[root@sentos5 ~]# host -t mx lpi.org
lpi.org mail is handled by 10 mail.lpi.org.
[root@sentos5 ~]# host -t ns lpi.org
lpi.org name server server1.moongroup.com.
lpi.org name server ns.starnix.com.
[root@sentos5 ~]# host www.lpi.org 172.17.0.1
Using domain server:
Name: 192.168.0.1
Address: 192.168.0.1#53
Aliases:
www.lpi.org has address 24.215.7.162
[root@sentos5 ~]# dig lpi.org mx
; <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 <<>> lpi.org mx
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 63305
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;lpi.org. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
lpi.org. 3600 IN MX 10 mail.lpi.org.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
lpi.org. 3600 IN NS server1.moongroup.com.
lpi.org. 3600 IN NS ns.starnix.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
mail.lpi.org. 3600 IN A 24.215.7.168
ns.starnix.com. 3600 IN A 24.215.7.99
;; Query time: 1870 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.1#53(192.168.0.1)
;; WHEN: Mon Jan 10 16:30:53 2011
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 138
[root@sentos5 ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localdomain" IN {
type master;
file "localdomain.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "localhost.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.local";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.ip6.local";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "255.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.broadcast";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.zero";
allow-update { none; };
};
[root@sentos5 named]# cat /etc/named.caching-nameserver.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { localhost; };
allow-query-cache { localhost; };
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
view localhost_resolver {
match-clients { localhost; };
match-destinations { localhost; };
recursion yes;
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};
[root@sentos5 etc]# dig @m.root-servers.net ns > /var/named/named.ca
[root@sentos5 etc]# cat /var/named/named.ca
;; ANSWER SECTION:
. 518400 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS c.root-servers.net.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
b.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.228.79.201
c.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.33.4.12
[root@sentos5 etc]# rndc status
number of zones: 6
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is OFF
recursive clients: 0/1000
tcp clients: 0/100
server is up and running
[root@sentos5 etc]# cat /var/named/named.local
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS localhost.
1 IN PTR localhost.
[root@sentos5 etc]# dig @localhost version.bind chaos txt
;; ANSWER SECTION:
version.bind. 0 CH TXT "9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2"
[root@sentos5 etc]# ps -f -C named
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
named 2495 1 0 15:26 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/named -u named -t /var/named/chroot
[root@sentos5 etc]# dnssec-keygen -a RSA -b 1024 -n ZONE example.net.
[root@sentos5 etc]# dnssec-keygen -a RSA -b 4096 -n ZONE example.net.
[root@sentos5 etc]# dnssec-signzone -k Kexample.net.+005+28778.key example.net
[root@sentos5 etc]# dig +dnssec @localhost smtp.exaple.com
; <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 <<>> +dnssec @localhost smtp.exaple.com
[root@A]# tar -cvzf software.tar.gz software
software
[root@A]# tar -cvjf software.tar.bz2 software
software
[root@A]# gzip -dc software.tar.gz | tar xvf -
software
[root@A]# bzip2 -dc software.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
software
/// Makefile作成～コンパイル～インストールの手順 ///
[user@A]# ./configure
[user@A]# make
[user@A]$ su
パスワード:
[root@sentos5 user]#make install
/// Makefile作成～コンパイル～インストールの手順 ///
[root@A]# ls -ld /usr/local/bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 3月 10 2009 /usr/local/bin
[root@A]# ls -ld /usr/local/sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 3月 10 2009 /usr/local/sbin
/// バックアップ予備知識 ///
完全「full」
差分「incremental」
増分「differential」
/// バックアップ予備知識 ///
/// バックアップ媒体 ///
追記不可：「DVD-R,DVD-R DL」
追記可能：「DVD-RW,DVD-RAM,DVD+R,DVD+R DL,DVD+RW」
容量：4.7～8.54GB
「DDS4」 40GB
「DLT-320」 320GB
「LTO」 800GB
/// バックアップ媒体 ///
/// バックアップ方法 ///
「AMANDA,Bacura」ネットワーク経由バックアップツール
「NAS」でネットワーク接続バックアップ
「SAN」ファイバーチャネルのストレージ専用ネットワーク
「tar,cpio,dd,dump,restore」バックアップコマンド
/// バックアップ方法 ///
[root@A]# tar cjvf /tmp/home.tar.bz2 /home/user
tar: メンバ名から先頭の `/' を取り除きます
/home/user/
/home/user/.gnome/
[root@A]# tar tjf /tmp/home.tar.bz2
home/user/
home/user/.gnome/
[root@A]# tar vjf /tmp/home.tar.bz2 --delete readtest.sh
アボートしました
[root@sentos5 /]# tar xjf /tmp/home.tar.bz2
[root@sentos5 /]# tar xvf /dev/st0 var/log/secure
[root@sentos5 testuser]# ls | cpio -o > /tmp/backup
1 block
[root@sentos5 testuser]# dd if=/dev/sr0 /of=/tmp/cdrom.iso
[root@sentos5 testuser]# dump 0uf /dev/nst0 /dev/sda2
DUMP: Date of this level 0 dump: Sat Jan 8 17:13:14 2011
DUMP: Dumping /dev/sda2 (an unlisted file system) to /dev/nst0
/dev/sda2: Bad magic number in super-block while opening filesystem
DUMP: The ENTIRE dump is aborted.
[root@sentos5 testuser]# cat /etc/dumpdates
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 0 Wed Jun 2 00:50:26 2010 +0900
[root@sentos5 testuser]# restore rf /dev/st0
[root@sentos5 testuser]# rsync -auv --delete dir /backup
building file list ... rsync: link_stat "/root/home/testuser/dir" failed: No such file or directory (2)
done
sent 29 bytes received 20 bytes 98.00 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
[root@A]# dmesg | grep eth
eth0: registered as PCnet/PCI II 79C970A
eth0: link up
eth0: no IPv6 routers present
[root@A]# lspci
02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] (rev 10)
[root@A]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:C9:99:4C
inet addr:192.168.0.55 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fec9:994c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:3702 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2489 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:360938 (352.4 KiB) TX bytes:301017 (293.9 KiB)
Interrupt:75 Base address:0x2000
[root@A]# ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.0.56 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@A]# ifconfig eth0:0
eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:C9:99:4C
inet addr:192.168.0.56 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:75 Base address:0x2000
[root@A]# arp
Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface
192.168.0.21 ether E0:CB:4E:11:FC:EC C eth0
buffalo.setup ether 00:0D:0B:B6:0A:B6 C eth0
[root@A]# arp -n
Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface
192.168.0.21 ether E0:CB:4E:11:FC:EC C eth0
192.168.0.1 ether 00:0D:0B:B6:0A:B6 C eth0
[root@A]# traceroute sentos5
traceroute to sentos5 (127.0.0.1), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 sentos5.localdomain (127.0.0.1) 0.019 ms 0.011 ms 0.009 ms
[root@A]# traceroute -n sentos5
traceroute to sentos5 (127.0.0.1), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 127.0.0.1 0.018 ms 0.009 ms 0.013 ms
[root@A]# tcpdump -i eth0
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
22:50:53.721877 IP 192.168.0.55.ssh > 192.168.0.21.52146: P 2187861119:2187861235(116) ack 2768986704 win 7504
22:50:53.722047 IP 192.168.0.55.ssh > 192.168.0.21.52146: P 116:232(116) ack 1 win 7504
[root@A]# tcpdump -nli eth0 port 53
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
22:52:56.040693 IP 192.168.0.21.53094 > 192.168.0.1.domain: 17340+ A? www.nicovideo.jp. (34)
22:52:56.073466 IP 192.168.0.1.domain > 192.168.0.21.53094: 17340 1/2/1 A 202.248.110.243 (116)
[root@A]# netstat -l
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 sentos5.localdomain:2208 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:nfs *:* LISTEN
[root@A]# netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth0 1500 0 8091 0 0 0 8978 0 0 0 BMRU
lo 16436 0 3180 0 0 0 3180 0 0 0 LRU
[root@A]# netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
192.168.0.0 buffalo.setup 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
default buffalo.setup 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
[root@A]# nc 192.168.0.55 25
220 sentos5.localdomain ESMTP Postfix
[root@A]# nc -vz 192.168.0.55 1-1000
nc: connect to 192.168.0.55 port 1 (tcp) failed: Connection refused
nc: connect to 192.168.0.55 port 2 (tcp) failed: Connection refused
[root@A]# nc -vzu 192.168.0.55 1-1000
Connection to 192.168.0.55 111 port [udp/sunrpc] succeeded!
Connection to 192.168.0.55 161 port [udp/snmp] succeeded!
[root@A]# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
[root@A]# route add default gw 192.168.0.1
[root@A]# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.1
[root@A]# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.0.0 buffalo.setup 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
default buffalo.setup 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
[root@A]# ip route show
192.168.0.0/24 via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0
192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.55
default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0
[root@A]# iwconfig
lo no wireless extensions.
eth0 no wireless extensions.
sit0 no wireless extensions.
[root@A]# iwconfig wlan0
wlan0 No such device
[root@A]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 sentos5.localdomain sentos5 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
[root@A]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd: files ldap
shadow: files ldap
group: files ldap
hosts: files ldap dns
[root@A]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.0.1
[root@A]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=sentos5.localdomain
[root@A]# ls -l /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/*
-rw-r--r-- 3 root root 193 羌 2010 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@A]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=00:0c:29:c9:99:4c
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.0.55
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
TYPE=Ethernet
[root@A]# cat /etc/hosts.allow
[root@A]# cat /etc/hosts.deny
[root@A]# tracepath 192.168.0.55
1: 192.168.0.55 (192.168.0.55) 0.079ms pmtu 16436
1: 192.168.0.55 (192.168.0.55) 0.021ms reached
Resume: pmtu 16436 hops 1 back 1
[root@A]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.3 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
[root@A]# cat /etc/issue.net
CentOS release 5.3 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
[root@A]# cat /etc/motd
[root@A]# wall "Test Message !"
Broadcast message from root (pts/2) (Wed Jan 5 23:28:43 2011):
Test Message !
[root@A]# shutdown -k now "Test Message!!!"
Broadcast message from root (pts/2) (Wed Jan 5 23:29:23 2011):
Test Message!!!
The system is going down to maintenance mode NOW!
Shutdown cancelled.
[root@A]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = シリンダ数 of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
デバイス Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM
[root@A]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities :
unused devices: <none>
[root@A]# lvscan
/dev/cdrom: read failed after 0 of 2048 at 0: 入力/出力エラーです
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [4.00 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol03' [1.00 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol02' [1.00 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [1.00 GB] inherit
[root@A]# df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-ブロック 使用 使用可 使用% マウント位置
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
ext3 4062912 3460740 392460 90% /
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol03
ext3 1015704 88808 874468 10% /tmp
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02
ext3 1015704 274912 688364 29% /var
/dev/sda1 ext3 101086 12074 83793 13% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 257720 0 257720 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02
ext3 1015704 274912 688364 29% /mnt
[root@A]# ls -l /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol0*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 1月 5 21:15 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 3 1月 5 21:15 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 2 1月 5 21:15 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 1月 5 21:15 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol03
[root@A]# pvdisplay /dev/sda2
/dev/cdrom: read failed after 0 of 2048 at 0: 入力/出力エラーです
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name VolGroup00
PV Size 7.90 GB / not usable 23.41 MB
Allocatable yes
PE Size (KByte) 32768
Total PE 252
Free PE 28
Allocated PE 224
PV UUID NZOvJm-9UF6-sXaW-y1Fd-1pJ0-fpzW-OVk750
[root@A]# pvscan
/dev/cdrom: open failed: 読み込み専用ファイルシステムです
Attempt to close device '/dev/cdrom' which is not open.
PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup00 lvm2 [7.88 GB / 896.00 MB free]
Total: 1 [7.88 GB] / in use: 1 [7.88 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
[root@A]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 4
Open LV 4
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 7.88 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 252
Alloc PE / Size 224 / 7.00 GB
Free PE / Size 28 / 896.00 MB
VG UUID V9Kj8z-YYNg-1nxg-WqfE-0c9v-kDrM-HlQ2Rs
[root@A]# lvdisplay /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol02
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol02
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID JTByn9-eKq8-61Kj-f8Y0-aggW-gX1x-fo4XQa
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.00 GB
Current LE 32
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
[root@A]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 VolGroup00 lvm2 a- 7.88G 896.00M
[root@A]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup00 1 4 0 wz--n- 7.88G 896.00M
[root@A]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
LogVol00 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 4.00G
LogVol01 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 1.00G
LogVol02 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 1.00G
LogVol03 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 1.00G
[root@A]# hdparm /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
readonly = 0 (off)
readahead = 256 (on)
geometry = 1044/255/63, sectors = 16777216, start = 0
[root@A]# hdparm -tT /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 30276 MB in 2.00 seconds = 15175.83 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 74 MB in 3.09 seconds = 23.98 MB/sec